What must an operator do before making a near-capacity lift?

Before making a near-capacity lift, it is crucial for the operator to test the hoist brakes by lifting the load a few inches and holding it. This practice ensures that the braking system is functioning properly and can securely hold the load in place during the lift. By briefly lifting the load off the ground, the operator can assess the crane's performance and ensure that there is no risk of uncontrolled movement. This precaution is essential, as it directly relates to safety and capacity management, helping to prevent accidents or malfunctions during the lifting operation.

The other actions, while important in their own rights, do not specifically address the immediate safety concerns associated with executing a near-capacity lift. For example, checking weather conditions and inspecting for visible damage are generally good practices but are not as directly relevant to ensuring that the crane can safely hold the intended load. Securing the area from bystanders is also vital for safety but does not verify the mechanical integrity and functionality of the hoist system during a lift. As such, testing the hoist brakes stands out as the most critical step before proceeding with the lift.